Graphical Abstract Access this article Similar content being viewed by others Abbreviations VLDL: Very-low-density lipoprotein IDL: Intermediate-density lipoprotein LDL: Low-density lipoprotein HDL: High-density lipoprotein FDA: Food and Drug Administration NAD + : Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADP + : Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid SAR: Structureactivity relationship FAD: Flavin adenine dinucleotide ATP: Adenosine triphosphate Acetyl CoA: Acetyl coenzyme A TCA: Tricarboxylic acid ROS: Reactive oxygen species CYP450: Cytochrome P450 PARP: Poly ADP-ribose polymerase PARG: Poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase cAMP: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate PKA: Protein kinase A HSL: Hormone-sensitive lipase FFA: Free fatty acid GPR: G-protein-coupled receptors G i -PRs: Inhibitory G-protein-coupled receptors TMH: Transmembrane helices ECL: Extracellular loop PLA 2 : Phospholipase A 2 HOMO: Highest occupied molecular orbital LUMO: Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital IP: Ionization potential : Dipole moment QSAR: Quantitative structureactivity relationships MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration EA: Electron affinity References Boden-Albala B, Sacco RL (2000) Lifestyle factors and stroke risk: exercise, alcohol, diet, obesity, smoking, drug use, and stress

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It involves injecting a mixture of brewed, caffeinated coffee and water into the colon through the rectum
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