Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease
Intravenous N-acetylcysteine is associated with fewer of the adverse effects seen with the oral preparation, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and rash, but it carries a higher risk of anaphylactoid reactions.9 When patients present relatively late after ingestion, oral N-acetylcysteine protocols provide a higher dose given over a longer period, which may be an advantage.2 , 10 However, the gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with oral therapy are a substantial disadvantage, notably if this results in a longer time for drug absorption and hence a longer time to reach therapeutic effect.2 Since the introduction and adoption of routine use of N-acetylcysteine therapy, the mortality rate in acetaminophen overdose has declined from 3% to 0.7%.11 Prevention of overdose and medication errors in children This report highlights the issue of accurate dosing in pediatrics
215 Both the sufficient glycolysis and the effective oxidation of alcohol require fast reoxidation of NADH to NAD + through the coordinated reduction of pyruvate to lactate by LDH or production of ATP by mitochondrial ETC
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B., MacConell, L., Sarin, V., Trautmann, M
10.1002/j.1460-2075.1995.tb07237.x 46
