glutathione synthesis in erythrocytes The Role of Metabolism Chronic Illness Development and Its Potential Use as a Novel Therapeutic Target Frontiers | Glutathione: A Samsonian

The benefits and risks must be considered in patients with recurrent infections, those who have a history of serious or opportunistic infection, or travel to areas of endemic mycoses, and in those who are immunosuppressed[106]

mtDNA levels do recover in patients after discontinuation of HAART (Ct et al., 2002), but due to generation of somatic mutations by antiretrovirals and ROS, it is likely that replenished mtDNA harbors mutations predisposing the recuperating mitochondria to continued dysfunction

doi: 10.1038/s41581-020-0297-2 276

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1765974 Received 11 December 2025 Revised 22 February 2026 Accepted 27 February 2026 Published 09 April 2026 Volume 17 - 2026 Edited by Shaoqiu Chen, University of Hawaii at Mnoa, United States Reviewed by Jingyu Wang, Peking University, China William Reeves, University of Texas Long School of Medicine, United States Updates Copyright 2026 Chen, Zheng, Huang and Zhang

Hasanuzzaman M, Alhaithloul HAS, Parvin K, Bhuyan MHMB, Tanveer M, Mohsin SM, Nahar K, Soliman MH, Mahmud JA, Fujita M (2019b) Polyamine action under metal/metalloid stress: regulation of biosynthesis, metabolism, and molecular interactions

Plant Cell Environ 37:140152