glutathione synthetase deficiency schizophrenia and glutamate in schizophrenia: a 7T MRS study Impaired glutathione synthesis in schizophrenia:

Of the glutathionylation-related enzymes, the glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) superfamily was classically identified as phase II detoxifying enzymes that contribute to neutralizing exogenous as well as endogenous electrophiles, including ROS, through the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) 9,10,11

Q.WangC.YangP.WangK

Initially, ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1 binds with ATP to activate the ubiquitin molecule, forming a thioester bond between the carboxyl group of ubiquitins C-terminal and the cysteine residue of the E1 enzyme

During the ischemic phase, the rapid depletion of ATP leads to a significant decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, which in turn triggers electron transport chain dysfunction

doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2014.04.006

Supplementing with EPA competitively displaces arachidonic acid at the cellular membrane, effectively lowering the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines