Xin et al., 2005
Vocal cord polyp (1 of 12) Closer view (2 of 12) Closed phase (3 of 12) Open phase (4 of 12) Operative view (5 of 12) Polyp Excised, Right Cord (6 of 12) Now For The Left (7 of 12) Excision Complete (8 of 12) 24 hours post surgery (9 of 12) Primary wound (10 of 12) Closed phase (11 of 12) Open phase (12 of 12) Office Laser, Even Occasionally for Singers Ordinarily, vocal cord microsurgery is only for otherwise irreversible lesions
Global stars Beyonc and Rihanna are suspected to have started the trend
In 2010, Aimetti et al
Uses Musculoskeletal pain (e.g., arthritis, back pain, sprains) Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis Gout attacks Dysmenorrhea (painful periods) Post-operative pain Migraine (in some formulations) Mechanism of Action Inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes Prostaglandin synthesis inflammation, pain, and fever Forms Available Oral tablets (immediate or slow-release) Topical gels/creams Suppositories Injections (IM) Eye drops Side Effects Common: Stomach pain, indigestion Nausea Headache Dizziness Serious: Gastric ulcer or bleeding Kidney impairment Elevated liver enzymes or liver damage Hypertension Cardiovascular risk (increased risk of stroke/MI with long-term use) Contraindications History of peptic ulcer or GI bleeding Severe renal or hepatic impairment Asthma or allergy triggered by NSAIDs Pregnancy (especially 3rd trimester) Severe heart failure Cautions Use with PPIs (e.g., omeprazole) in long-term therapy to protect the stomach Avoid combining with other NSAIDs or anticoagulants Monitor renal function in long-term use Monitoring Renal function Liver enzymes (LFTs) Blood pressure Signs of GI bleeding (e.g., black stools) To view or add a comment, sign in More Relevant Posts Omeprazole Overview Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) used to reduce stomach acid production
If you have any condition that impacts your ability to convert or absorb vitamin B12 properly, speak to your health care provider about the best dose for your needs
