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Gut microbiota in heart failure and related interventions Chen 2023 iMeta Wiley Online Library Dietary allicin reduces transformation of L carnitine to TMAO through impact on gut microbiota ScienceDirect A Pilot Study on the Effects of l Carnitine and Trimethylamine N Oxide on Platelet Mitochondrial DNA Methylation and CVD Biomarkers in Aged Women PMC Low Bioavailability and High TMAO Production: Novel Insights Into Acetylcarnitine and Carnitine Metabolism KrimsDavis 2025 Molecular Nutrition & Food Research Wiley Online Library Implications of Gut Microbiota Derived Metabolites in Neurological Disorders ACS Chemical Neuroscience Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis PMC
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