A phase 2 trial of mexiletine, a sodium channel blocker, demonstrated dose-dependent reduction in muscle cramps, though 300 mg doses were associated with fewer adverse events
The NCAA conducted a study showing that Celsius contained the stimulates ginseng, L-carnitine, taurine, and in particular guarana, which are all listed as illegal by the organization (via MARCA)
10.1016/j.cjca.2014.09.010 41 VasquezE
(3) Improving brain function: L-carnitine has been shown to improve cognitive function and reduce symptoms of depression
B12 is added primarily to combat fatigue and support energy metabolism during caloric restriction
A panel of experts recently compiled a list of recommendations and considerations specifically for shift workers to optimize the quality of their sleep 337 : Prioritize sleep (consider rescheduling non-essential tasks to not cut into sleep time) Aim for seven to nine hours of sleep per 24 hours Develop a sleep schedule Develop a bedtime routine Plan your transition to days off Use napping, in 15- to 20-minute bouts, as a helpful tool When planning sleep time, remember that sleep inertia (the groggy time between ending sleep and being fully awake) impairs performance and can raise the risk of accidents Create a comfortable sleep environment Use your bed only for sleep and intimacy Consider whether the amount of light in the sleep environment is affecting sleep Consider whether caffeine intake is affecting sleep Consider whether nicotine consumption is affecting sleep Consider whether alcohol intake is affecting sleep Be mindful of medications that may interfere with sleep Consider whether nighttime hunger or fullness is affecting sleep Consider whether the timing of fluid intake is affecting sleep Engage in regular exercise Develop strategies for sleep problems Breathe Well During Sleep Breathing through the nose is important for warming, humidifying, and filtering inspired air, and the proportion of breathing that occurs through the nose (as opposed to the mouth) normally increases during sleep
